02317nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245010000055210006900155300000800224490000600232520167900238653000701917653000701924100002201931700002201953700001501975700002301990700002302013700002002036856004302056       2021                        eng d  a2076-260700aThe Use of Raman Spectroscopy to Monitor Metabolic Changes in Stressed Metschnikowia sp. Yeasts0 aUse of Raman Spectroscopy to Monitor Metabolic Changes in Stress  a2770 v93 a<p>Raman spectroscopy is a universal method designed for the analysis of a wide range of physical, chemical and biological systems or various surfaces. This technique is suitable to monitor various components of cells, tissues or microorganisms. The advantages include very fast non-contact and non-destructive analysis and no or minimal need for sample treatment. The yeasts Metschnikowia can be considered as industrially usable producers of pulcherrimin or single-cell lipids, depending on cultivation conditions and external stress. In the present study, Raman spectroscopy was used as an effective tool to identify both pulcherrimin and lipids in single yeast cells. The analysis of pulcherrimin is very demanding; so far, there is no optimal procedure to analyze or identify this pigment. Based on results, the strong dependence of pulcherrimin production on the ferric ion concentration was found with the highest yield in media containing 0.1 g/L iron. Further, production of lipids in Metschnikowia cells was studied at different temperatures and C:N ratios, using Raman spectroscopy to follow fatty acids composition, under different regimes, by monitoring the iodine number. The results of Raman spectroscopy were comparable with the fatty acid analysis obtained by gas chromatography. This study therefore supported use of Raman spectroscopy for biotechnological applications as a simple tool in the identification and analysis both the pulcherrimin and microbial lipids. This method provides a quick and relatively accurate estimation of targeted metabolites with minimal sample modification and allows to monitor metabolic changes over time of cultivation.</p>10aBF10aMF1 aNěmcová, Andrea1 aGonová, Dominika1 aSamek, Ota1 aSipiczki, Matthias1 aBreierová, Emilia1 aMárová, Ivana  uhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/2/277